Review



kendall neonatal ecg electrodes  (Cardinal Health)

 
  • Logo
  • About
  • News
  • Press Release
  • Team
  • Advisors
  • Partners
  • Contact
  • Bioz Stars
  • Bioz vStars
    • 86
      Buy from Supplier

    Structured Review

    Cardinal Health kendall neonatal ecg electrodes
    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including <t>ECG-gated</t> PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Kendall Neonatal Ecg Electrodes, supplied by Cardinal Health, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/kendall+neonatal+ecg+electrodes/pmc12545138-109-21-25?v=Cardinal+Health
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    kendall neonatal ecg electrodes - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
    86/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Forced intensity-controlled endurance training on a small-animal treadmill machine inducing murine cardiac hypertrophy: insights and comparison to voluntary running models"

    Article Title: Forced intensity-controlled endurance training on a small-animal treadmill machine inducing murine cardiac hypertrophy: insights and comparison to voluntary running models

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1682751

    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including ECG-gated PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including ECG-gated PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

    Techniques Used: Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, RNA Sequencing, Control, Comparison, Extraction, Two Tailed Test

    Gated PET/CT assessment of cardiac volume and function (A) Representatives of different views (coronal, horizontal long axis (HLA), and vertical long axis (VLA)) of the left ventricle during end-diastole (ED; left side) and end-systole (ES; right side). (B) Three-dimensional reconstruction of ECG-gated PET/CT images showing the left ventricle in end-diastole (left) and end-systole (right). (C) Evaluation of EDV, ESV, SV, and EF between training and sedentary groups at different time points. (D) Heart rate/minute in training animals compared to their matched sedentary controls. (E) Cardiac output is calculated from SV and heart rate/minute. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Gated PET/CT assessment of cardiac volume and function (A) Representatives of different views (coronal, horizontal long axis (HLA), and vertical long axis (VLA)) of the left ventricle during end-diastole (ED; left side) and end-systole (ES; right side). (B) Three-dimensional reconstruction of ECG-gated PET/CT images showing the left ventricle in end-diastole (left) and end-systole (right). (C) Evaluation of EDV, ESV, SV, and EF between training and sedentary groups at different time points. (D) Heart rate/minute in training animals compared to their matched sedentary controls. (E) Cardiac output is calculated from SV and heart rate/minute. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

    Techniques Used: Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, Control, Comparison



    Similar Products

    kendall neonatal ecg electrodes  (Cardinal Health)
    86
    Cardinal Health kendall neonatal ecg electrodes
    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including <t>ECG-gated</t> PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Kendall Neonatal Ecg Electrodes, supplied by Cardinal Health, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/kendall+neonatal+ecg+electrodes/pmc12545138-109-21-25?v=Cardinal+Health
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    kendall neonatal ecg electrodes - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
    86/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    neonatal kendall ecg electrodes  (Cardinal Health)
    90
    Cardinal Health neonatal kendall ecg electrodes
    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including <t>ECG-gated</t> PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Neonatal Kendall Ecg Electrodes, supplied by Cardinal Health, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/kendall+neonatal+ecg+electrodes/pm37763178-139-8-13?v=Cardinal+Health
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    neonatal kendall ecg electrodes - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
    90/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    self-adhesive neonatal ecg-electrodes kendall® ecg electrodes  (Cardinal Health)
    90
    Cardinal Health self-adhesive neonatal ecg-electrodes kendall® ecg electrodes
    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including <t>ECG-gated</t> PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Self Adhesive Neonatal Ecg Electrodes Kendall® Ecg Electrodes, supplied by Cardinal Health, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/kendall+neonatal+ecg+electrodes/pm37763178-87-3-9?v=Cardinal+Health
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    self-adhesive neonatal ecg-electrodes kendall® ecg electrodes - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
    90/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    neonatal kendall® ecg electrodes  (Cardinal Health)
    90
    Cardinal Health neonatal kendall® ecg electrodes
    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including <t>ECG-gated</t> PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Neonatal Kendall® Ecg Electrodes, supplied by Cardinal Health, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/kendall+neonatal+ecg+electrodes/pm37763178-144-9-16?v=Cardinal+Health
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    neonatal kendall® ecg electrodes - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
    90/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    modified neonatal needle ecg electrodes kendall  (Cardinal Health)
    90
    Cardinal Health modified neonatal needle ecg electrodes kendall
    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including <t>ECG-gated</t> PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Modified Neonatal Needle Ecg Electrodes Kendall, supplied by Cardinal Health, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/kendall+neonatal+ecg+electrodes/pm37572238-66-2-6?v=Cardinal+Health
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    modified neonatal needle ecg electrodes kendall - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
    90/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    disposable neonatal ecg electrodes kendall  (Cardinal Health)
    90
    Cardinal Health disposable neonatal ecg electrodes kendall
    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including <t>ECG-gated</t> PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
    Disposable Neonatal Ecg Electrodes Kendall, supplied by Cardinal Health, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/kendall+neonatal+ecg+electrodes/bio_rxiv__2023__03__06__531158-44-10-15?v=Cardinal+Health
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    disposable neonatal ecg electrodes kendall - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
    90/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier

    Image Search Results


    Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including ECG-gated PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Forced intensity-controlled endurance training on a small-animal treadmill machine inducing murine cardiac hypertrophy: insights and comparison to voluntary running models

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1682751

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Study design and morphometric analysis of sedentary vs training mice. (A) Schematic showing the treadmill running protocol and study design. The scheme includes acclimatization before the training protocol. At week 0 (W0), week 2 (W2), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), and week 12 (W12), the training and sedentary mice were sacrificed and analyzed, including ECG-gated PET/CT, histology, morphometrics, and RNA sequencing. (B) Mice body weight was recorded on the corresponding weeks (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12). Sedentary control mice served as controls. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (C) Representative gross heart in an 8-week training group (right-hand side) and their matched sedentary control (left-hand side). The extraction was performed carefully to include all four heart chambers and exclude pericardial tissue. (D) Heart weight on 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week training animals and their matched sedentary control. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) Heart weight/tibia length ratio (g/mm) across different training time points (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: The animals remained anesthetized, and the ECG activity was carefully recorded in real-time throughout the entire 30-min scan duration using modified Kendall neonatal ECG electrodes (Cardinal Health, Norderstedt, Germany), which were placed on animal’s both forepaws and left hind paw.

    Techniques: Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, RNA Sequencing, Control, Comparison, Extraction, Two Tailed Test

    Gated PET/CT assessment of cardiac volume and function (A) Representatives of different views (coronal, horizontal long axis (HLA), and vertical long axis (VLA)) of the left ventricle during end-diastole (ED; left side) and end-systole (ES; right side). (B) Three-dimensional reconstruction of ECG-gated PET/CT images showing the left ventricle in end-diastole (left) and end-systole (right). (C) Evaluation of EDV, ESV, SV, and EF between training and sedentary groups at different time points. (D) Heart rate/minute in training animals compared to their matched sedentary controls. (E) Cardiac output is calculated from SV and heart rate/minute. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Forced intensity-controlled endurance training on a small-animal treadmill machine inducing murine cardiac hypertrophy: insights and comparison to voluntary running models

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1682751

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Gated PET/CT assessment of cardiac volume and function (A) Representatives of different views (coronal, horizontal long axis (HLA), and vertical long axis (VLA)) of the left ventricle during end-diastole (ED; left side) and end-systole (ES; right side). (B) Three-dimensional reconstruction of ECG-gated PET/CT images showing the left ventricle in end-diastole (left) and end-systole (right). (C) Evaluation of EDV, ESV, SV, and EF between training and sedentary groups at different time points. (D) Heart rate/minute in training animals compared to their matched sedentary controls. (E) Cardiac output is calculated from SV and heart rate/minute. Data illustrated as mean ± SD. N = 10 mice in each group, except for 12 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). Black dots represent sedentary control; training animals are shown in red. Two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison tests was used. ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: The animals remained anesthetized, and the ECG activity was carefully recorded in real-time throughout the entire 30-min scan duration using modified Kendall neonatal ECG electrodes (Cardinal Health, Norderstedt, Germany), which were placed on animal’s both forepaws and left hind paw.

    Techniques: Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, Control, Comparison